It is interesting how society forms a popular view of recent
history which is constantly reinforced by talking heads in the media, many of
whom were not even born when the events in question took place. For example,
many people look back to the 1950s with great nostalgia. Perhaps for Americans,
looking back to a time when the country was relatively untroubled by military
failure and the Great Depression was a rapidly fading memory, this may be
understandable. But we tend to gloss over the fact that the country was riven
by racism, particularly in the Deep South, which a decade later was to give
such force to the Civil Rights movement. Continental Europeans do not have the
same yearning for the 1950s, largely because their economies were being rebuilt
after the shattering experience of World War II.
There seems little reason to look back to the 1950s
with any great fondness in Britain either. Admittedly, the country was living
in the afterglow of having been on the “right” side of history in the post-1945
era and living standards were rising rapidly. But the economy was in effect bankrupt,
struggling to earn enough to pay the interest on its wartime debt, whilst food
rationing continued until the middle of the decade and the Empire was being
dismantled. Although people did not realise it at the time, Britain was
vacating its position at the top table.
I can well recall the 1970s, which are today characterised
by their uniform awfulness when workers in “broken Britain” seemed to be
permanently on strike and the country was apparently convulsed by social
unrest. The Conservatives have spent 40 years playing on this image to remind
everybody about the terrors of electing a left-leaning Labour Party. But it was
nowhere near as bad as the popular imagination now believes. Britain at the
time was still a major industrial power, albeit losing ground to Japan and
Germany, jobs were fairly plentiful and for most of the decade unemployment
remained relatively low - at its peak it was less than half the level of the early 1980s. Inflation was a problem but wages kept
pace. The downside was that the economy’s global competitiveness suffered, but
this was not evident in people’s day-to-day lives.
But it is the way that the 1960s are portrayed which I find
most fascinating. The enduring image is one of cultural change – a decade characterised
by an explosion in music and fashion, hippies and the Summer of Love. Not so
long ago I recall watching a documentary in which an American academic
described 1960s Britain as a time when “everyone” was living up to the
idealised picture of the time, enjoying the music and taking the drugs. That
was certainly not true of the childhood Britain that I remember, many of whose
social structures were more closely related to the Victorian era than those of
today are to the 1960s. For anyone who doubts that view, I would recommend dipping
into the book by historian Dominic Sandbrook Never Had it so Good. One fascinating fact which summarises the difference between reality and
recollection is that the album which spent the longest period at number one in
the UK charts came not from The Beatles or Rolling Stones but was the
soundtrack to the film The Sound of Music, which spent 69 weeks in the top spot
compared with 30 for the Beatles 1963 debut album Please Please Me and 23 for
Sergeant Pepper’s.This was a very conservative society.
It is the events of 1968 which resound so heavily today. My
own memories of that year are pretty hazy, largely because I was only five years
old, though two things stand out: my first day at school early in the year and
the first manned orbit of the Moon by the crew of Apollo 8 just before
Christmas. Sandwiched in between, and largely passing me by, were the ongoing
war in Vietnam, the assassinations of Robert Kennedy and Martin Luther King and
the student uprisings across Europe and the United States. In short it was a
tumultuous period when governance appeared to be breaking down.
I often wonder
how I would have perceived that period had I viewed it through the eyes of an
adult. Would I have been as bemused by the events of 1968 as I am by those of
today, characterised by an American President who has been accused of
“glorifying violence” as the city of Minneapolis erupted in protest at the death of yet another black
man at the hands of the police? Would I have felt as outraged as those members
of society protesting against social injustice in 1968 as those who are
affronted by a British government which appears to believe that it can adhere to one set of rules whilst the rest abide by a different rulebook? And that is without considering
the divisive effects of Brexit which, as I pointed out last year, is merely one front in a bigger culture war.
Perhaps what 1968 represented above all was the revolt of
youth against a system which they perceived to be biased against them. This was
the first roar of the baby boomers who have been running the show for the last
30 years. But maybe their time is drawing to a close. Although US voters may
yet grant Donald Trump another four years in November, the boomers will soon
have to cede to a younger generation with a different world outlook and
different aspirations. As easy as it is to get carried away with recent events and
conclude that we are on the slippery slope to a dystopian society, the lesson
of 1968 is that positive change can come from apparent chaos.
Current events come against the backdrop of the Covid-19
crisis – an unprecedented event which is going to transform the structure and
operation of our economies. Add in the desire for political change and the
stage is set for a radical process of restructuring. We may not notice the
difference tomorrow, or even next year. But it is a fair bet that in 50 years’
time, 2020 will go down as the year everything changed.
No comments:
Post a Comment